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排序方式: 共有2265条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
21.
Fouling is a major limitation for the application of membrane bioreactors (MBRs) in municipal wastewater treatment; the critical flux concept represents a valid tool for process optimisation in planning fouling control strategies. The paper presents the results obtained on a large pilot MBR equipped with a plate-and-frame ultrafiltration membrane. The experimental assessment of flux criticality was carried out by flux-stepping tests showing the positive impact of liquid temperature on the value of the critical threshold. The reliability of short-term tests was then verified over a long period by determining the time of sustainability, t(sust), of six different sub-critical fluxes ranging between 17 and 30Lm(-2)h(-1). An exponential fitting was observed in terms of fouling rate both before and after t(sust), though fouling after t(sust) is likely to be ascribed not only to cake formation. Finally, a new mathematical formulation was proposed according to the local flux approach to model the sub-critical TMP transients. The model involves both bound and free forms of EPS and, once experimentally calibrated, it provided a fair prediction of the TMP jump. 相似文献
22.
Singh Prakash K. Rajak P. K. Singh M. P. Singh V. K. Naik A. S. Singh Alok K. 《国际煤炭科学技术学报(英文)》2016,3(2):148-164
International Journal of Coal Science & Technology - The lignite samples collected from Giral lignite field of Barmer basin have been subjected to petrological investigation. The data generated... 相似文献
23.
Rakhi Sood Mona Marie Obadia Bhanu Prakash Mudraboyina Biao Zhang Anatoli Serghei Julien Bernard Eric Drockenmuller 《Polymer》2014
Nitroxide-mediated radical polymerization of a tailor-made acrylate carrying a 1,2,3-triazole group with an undecanoyl spacer affords a well-defined (Mn = 7860 g mol−1 and D = 1.39) neutral polyacrylate precursor. A series of 1,2,3-triazolium-based poly(ionic liquid)s (TPILs) is then obtained by straightforward quaternization of the 1,2,3-triazole groups with methyl iodide and subsequent anion metathesis reactions. Among the prepared materials, TPIL with bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide anion exhibits low glass transition temperature (Tg = −40 °C), high thermal stability (Td10 = 325 °C) and anhydrous ionic conductivity of 4 × 10−6 S cm−1 at 30 °C, as measured by differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis and broadband dielectric spectroscopy, respectively. 相似文献
24.
John Abraham V. Ramesh Saravanakumar V. V. Kulkarni K. Sivakumar Anandha Prakash Singh P. Visha 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2014,91(1):133-141
Whole dead poultry birds obtained from commercial layer farms were assessed for fat in the whole carcass and then dry rendered in three different rendering regimens T1, T2 and T3 (temperature = 120, 130 and 140 °C and shell pressure = 1, 2 and 3 kg/cm2 respectively) and the effect on the yield and quality of the rendered chicken oil were studied. The overall fat percentage of the whole dead poultry carcass was 14.55 ± 0.17 % and the fat content of ‘greaves’ was 14.49 ± 0.38 %. In the dry batch rendering trials, the mean overall fat recovery was 24.46 ± 1.19, 26.78 ± 3.14 and 22.42 ± 2.32 % and the overall fat yield was 3.52 ± 1.72, 3.84 ± 0.44 and 3.22 ± 0.33 % of the carcass weight in T1, T2 and T3 respectively. Solvent extraction of fat could recover 96.10 ± 0.14 % of fat from ‘greaves’ which was significantly higher than the mechanical centrifugation method. Among the quality characteristics of the rendered chicken oil (RCO), moisture content ranged from 0.61 % (T2) to 1.09 % (T1) and the mean specific gravity was 0.91 at 30 °C. The FFA values of RCO obtained from the T3 rendering regimen were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than the FFA values of T2 and T1. The mean acid value, iodine number, peroxide value, saponification value and unsaponifiable matter present in RCO showed no significant difference. The fatty acid profile and calorific values were studied. The RCO was converted to biodiesel by transesterification and the physico-chemical properties of the biodiesel were studied and compared with the Indian biodiesel specification. 相似文献
25.
Mamta Latwal Prakash Chandra Shah Raj Ali 《Journal of Applied Electrochemistry》2014,44(10):1127-1134
Nanostructured copper hexacyanidoferrate has been synthesized and characterized using elemental analysis, atomic absorption spectroscopy, thermal and infrared spectral studies. The transmission electron microscopic studies of the synthesized material showed that it consisted of irregular oval and rod shaped particles with a size range 70–100 nm. Nanostructured copper hexacyanidoferrate modified glassy carbon electrode was characterized by cyclic voltammetery and nanostructured copper hexacyanidoferrate–carbon nanotube composite material modified glassy carbon electrode has been used for electrocatalytic oxidation of salbutamol. The electrode modified with composite material was found to reduce the peak potential of oxidation of salbutamol by nearly 90 mV. 相似文献
26.
Jai Prakash Chaudhary Stalin Kondaveeti Vishal Gupta Kamalesh Prasad Ramavatar Meena 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2014,131(16)
A facile microwave‐assisted one‐pot synthesis of sodium carboxymethylagarose and calcium carboxymethylagarose from Gracilaria dura agarose (Ag) has been described. The process is user friendly, and the highest degree of substitution was obtained within 15 min compared with the conventional method, which requires more than 3 h. Solubility and gelling behavior of the modified Ag products were found to be dependent on degree of substitution of the products. The characterizations were done by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1H‐ and 13C‐nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, Inductively coupled plasma spectrophotometry (ICP), rheology, conductometer analysis, and DNA gel electrophoresis. These agarose derivatives were easily soluble in water and exhibited low thermal hysteresis, improved conductivity, and improved the DNA resolution ability of the parent G. dura Ag hydrogels. These hydrogels may have potential applications in the areas including electrochemical devices, microbiology, biomedical, and pharmaceuticals fields. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40630. 相似文献
27.
Dip Majumder Jyoti Prakash Maity Min-Jen Tseng Vanita Roshan Nimje Hau-Ren Chen Chien-Cheng Chen Young-Fo Chang Tsui-Chu Yang Chen-Yen Chen 《International journal of molecular sciences》2014,15(9):16772-16786
Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) represent a novel platform for treating wastewater and at the same time generating electricity. Using Pseudomonas
putida (BCRC 1059), a wild-type bacterium, we demonstrated that the refinery wastewater could be treated and also generate electric current in an air-cathode chamber over four-batch cycles for 63 cumulative days. Our study indicated that the oil refinery wastewater containing 2213 mg/L (ppm) chemical oxygen demand (COD) could be used as a substrate for electricity generation in the reactor of the MFC. A maximum voltage of 355 mV was obtained with the highest power density of 0.005 mW/cm2 in the third cycle with a maximum current density of 0.015 mA/cm2 in regard to the external resistor of 1000 Ω. A maximum coulombic efficiency of 6 × 10−2% was obtained in the fourth cycle. The removal efficiency of the COD reached 30% as a function of time. Electron transfer mechanism was studied using cyclic voltammetry, which indicated the presence of a soluble electron shuttle in the reactor. Our study demonstrated that oil refinery wastewater could be used as a substrate for electricity generation. 相似文献
28.
Krishnamoorthy Muralirajan Ramajayam Kuppusamy Sekar Prakash Chien‐Hong Cheng 《Advanced Synthesis \u0026amp; Catalysis》2016,358(5):774-783
A green atom‐economical method for the synthesis of highly functionalized 1‐amino and 1‐carbon substituted isoquinolines from the reaction of N′‐hydroxybenzimidamides and aryl ketoximes, respectively, with alkynes via pentamethylcyclopentadienylcobalt(III)‐catalyzed C H/N O bond activation is described. The external oxidant‐free annulation reaction uses the =NOH moiety in N′‐hydroxybenzimidamides or N‐aromatic ketone oximes as the directing group and internal oxidant. This first row transition metal‐catalyzed annulation serves as an efficient alternative for the synthesis of isoquinolines, as water is the only by‐product and expensive noble metals such as rhodium(III), iridium(III), palladium(II), and ruthenium(II) are not required. The reaction proceeds via C H activation, alkyne insertion, reductive elimination, and N O activation.
29.
The copper(II)‐catalyzed decarboxylative coupling reactions of arylglyoxylic acids with isatins afford 4H‐benzo[d][1,3]oxazin‐4‐ones via decarbonylation and concurrent C–N, C–O bond formation.
30.
Pal Shaili Kumar Ajay Kumar Sunil De Arup Kumar Prakash Rajiv Sinha Indrajit 《Catalysis Letters》2022,152(11):3259-3271
Catalysis Letters - Magnetically recyclable visible light photocatalysts for the degradation of critical organic pollutants are an urgent industrial requirement. Nonetheless, one component... 相似文献